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X-chromosome

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Finally, if none of those options are available, there is an unusual pattern of nonrandom X-chromosome inactivation on lymphocytes in carriers, thus looking for such inactivation would prove useful.
en.wikipedia.org
This is because women have two copies of the X-chromosome, which holds genes linked to light-sensitive proteins.
www.tv3.ie
It is understood that X-chromosome inactivation is a random process, occurring at about the time of gastrulation in the epiblast (cells that will give rise to the embryo).
en.wikipedia.org
Females have two X-chromosomes and males have one X-chromosome.
en.wikipedia.org
This is due to the fact that, typically, females have two copies of the X-chromosome, while males have only one copy.
en.wikipedia.org
This means paternal grandmothers are 50% X-chromosome related to their granddaughters.
www.deccanherald.com
Researchers have also investigated using X-chromosome inactivation to silence the activity of autosomal chromosomes.
en.wikipedia.org
And because a son does not pass his X-chromosome to his male progeny, paternal grandmothers have zero X-chromosome relatedness to their grandsons.
www.deccanherald.com
In another species, the X-chromosome contains 20% of the genome.
en.wikipedia.org
Genetic differences on the chromosome may also render one X-chromosome more likely to undergo inactivation.
en.wikipedia.org

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