kamp im Oxford-Hachette French Dictionary

Übersetzungen für kamp im Englisch»Französisch-Wörterbuch

I.keep [Brit kiːp, Am kip] SUBST

1. keep (maintenance):

keep

pension f

to pay for one's keep

payer une pension

to work for one's keep

travailler pour payer sa pension

to earn one's keep person:

gagner de quoi vivre

to earn one's keep factory, branch: übtr

être viable

2. keep ARCHIT:

keep

donjon m

II.keep <Prät, Part Passé kept> [Brit kiːp, Am kip] VERB trans

1. keep (cause to remain):

to keep sb in hospital/indoors person:

garder qn à l'hôpital/à l'intérieur

to keep sb in hospital/indoors illness:

retenir qn à l'hôpital/à l'intérieur

to keep sth/sb clean

garder qc/qn propre

to keep sth warm/cool

garder qc au chaud/au frais

to keep sb warm/cool

protéger qn du froid/de la chaleur

to be kept clean/warm/locked

rester propre/au chaud/fermé (à clé)

to keep sb talking/waiting

retenir/faire attendre qn

I won't keep you to your promise

tu n'es pas obligé de tenir ta promesse

to keep an engine/machine running

laisser un moteur/une machine en marche

bronchitis kept him in bed

une bronchite l'a obligé à garder le lit

2. keep (detain):

keep

retenir

there's nothing to keep me here

(plus) rien ne me retient ici

don't let me keep you!

je ne veux pas vous retenir!

what kept you?

qu'est-ce qui t'a retenu?

I won't keep you a minute

je n'en ai pas pour longtemps

the police are keeping him for questioning

la police le garde à vue pour l'interroger

3. keep (retain):

keep book, letter, money, receipt

garder, conserver

keep job

garder

keep seat, place

garder (for pour)

keep ticket, bread

garder, mettre [qc] de côté (for pour)

we keep these glasses for special occasions

nous gardons ces verres pour les grandes occasions

this pullover has kept its colour/shape

ce pull-over a gardé sa couleur/forme

4. keep (have and look after):

keep shop, restaurant

tenir

keep dog, cat

avoir

keep sheep, chickens

élever

5. keep (sustain):

to keep sth going conversation, fire, tradition

entretenir qc

I'll make you a sandwich to keep you going

je te ferai un sandwich pour que tu tiennes le coup

it was only his work that kept him going

sans son travail il n'aurait pas tenu le coup

have you got enough work to keep you going?

avez-vous assez de travail pour vous occuper?

6. keep (store):

keep

mettre, ranger

I keep my money in a safe

je mets mon argent dans un coffre-fort

where do you keep your cups?

où rangez-vous vos tasses?

I keep a spare key in the cupboard

j'ai un double de la clé dans le placard

7. keep (have in stock) shop, shopkeeper:

keep brand, product

vendre, avoir

8. keep (support financially):

keep husband, wife, family

faire vivre, entretenir

keep lover

entretenir

keep servant

avoir

übtr it'll keep us in beer

ça nous permettra de tenir le coup

9. keep (maintain by writing in):

keep accounts, list, diary, record

tenir

10. keep (conceal):

to keep sth from sb

taire or cacher qc à qn

11. keep (prevent):

to keep sb from doing

empêcher qn de faire

12. keep (observe):

keep promise

tenir

keep secret

garder

keep appointment, date

se rendre à, venir à

keep occasion, festival

célébrer

keep commandments, sabbath, Lent

observer

13. keep MUS:

to keep time or the beat

battre la mesure

14. keep (protect) veraltend:

keep God:

garder veraltend

keep person

protéger (from de)

keep person: gate, bridge

défendre

15. keep (maintain):

keep car, house

entretenir

well/badly kept

bien/mal entretenu

III.keep <Prät, Part Passé kept> [Brit kiːp, Am kip] VERB intr

1. keep:

to keep doing (continue)

continuer à or de faire

to keep doing (do repeatedly)

ne pas arrêter de faire

to keep going wörtl

continuer

I don't know how she keeps going!

je ne sais pas comment elle tient le coup!

keep at it!

persévérez!

keep west/straight on

continuez vers l'ouest/tout droit

‘keep left/right’

‘tenez votre gauche/droite’

2. keep (remain):

to keep indoors

rester à l'intérieur

to keep out of the rain

se protéger de la pluie

to keep warm/cool

se protéger du froid/de la chaleur

to keep calm

rester calme

to keep silent or quiet

garder le silence

3. keep (stay in good condition):

keep food:

se conserver, se garder

4. keep (wait):

keep news, business, work:

attendre

I've got something to tell you, it won't keep

j'ai quelque chose à te dire, ça ne peut pas attendre

5. keep (in health):

‘how are you keeping?’

‘comment allez-vous?’

she's keeping well

elle va bien

IV.to keep oneself VERB refl

to keep oneself refl:

to keep oneself

subvenir à ses propres besoins

to keep oneself warm/cool

se protéger du froid/de la chaleur

to keep oneself healthy

rester en forme

to keep oneself from doing

s'empêcher de faire

V.for keeps ADV

for keeps

pour de bon, pour toujours

VI.keep [Brit kiːp, Am kip]

to keep in with sb

rester en bons termes avec qn

to keep oneself to oneself

ne pas être sociable

to try to keep up with the Joneses

rivaliser avec ses voisins

you can't keep a good man down

la compétence finit par être reconnue

Siehe auch: clear

I.clear [Brit klɪə, Am ˈklɪr] SUBST

1. clear:

clear, a. clear text COMPUT, MILIT in clear

en clair

2. clear SPORT (in football):

clear

dégagement m

II.clear [Brit klɪə, Am ˈklɪr] ADJ

1. clear (transparent):

clear glass, liquid

transparent

clear blue

limpide

clear lens, varnish

incolore

2. clear (distinct):

clear image, outline, impression

net/nette

clear writing

lisible

clear sound, voice

clair

I didn't get a clear look at the car

je n'ai pas bien vu la voiture

he had a clear view of the man

il voyait très bien l'homme

3. clear (comprehensibly plain):

clear description, instruction, text

clair

to make sth clear to sb

faire comprendre qc à qn

he made it clear to her that he disapproved

il lui a bien fait comprendre qu'il désapprouvait

I wish to make it clear that …

je tiens à préciser que …

is that clear?, do I make myself clear?

est-ce que c'est clair?

to make one's views/intentions clear

exprimer clairement ses opinions/intentions

let's get this clear

que les choses soient claires

4. clear (obvious):

clear lack, need, sign

évident

clear advantage, lead

net/nette

clear example

beau

clear attr majority

large

it is clear that …

il est clair que …

it's a clear case of fraud

il est clair qu'il s'agit d'une fraude

5. clear (not confused):

clear idea, memory

clair

clear plan

précis

to have a clear picture in one's mind of sth

avoir une idée très claire de qc

to have/keep a clear head

avoir/garder les idées claires

we need someone with a clear head

on a besoin de quelqu'un qui a les idées claires

a clear thinker

un esprit lucide

I'm not clear what to do/how to start

je ne sais pas très bien quoi faire/par où commencer

I have no clear idea how it happened

je ne sais pas très bien comment ça s'est passé

he had a clear understanding of the problem

il comprenait très bien le problème

she's quite clear about what the job involves

elle sait exactement en quoi consiste le travail

6. clear (empty):

clear road, view, area

dégagé

clear table

débarrassé

clear space

libre

the road is clear of obstacles/snow

il n'y a plus d'obstacles/de neige sur la route

7. clear (not guilty):

clear conscience

tranquille

8. clear (unblemished):

clear skin, complexion

net/nette

9. clear MED:

clear X-ray, scan

normal

10. clear (cloudless):

clear sky

sans nuage, clair

clear after Subst day, night

clair

on a clear day

par temps clair

11. clear (frank):

clear gaze, look

franc/franche

12. clear (pure):

clear sound, tone, voice

clair

13. clear GASTRO:

clear honey

liquide

14. clear:

to be clear of (to be exempt from) debt

être libre de

to be clear of blame

être exempt de

to be clear of suspicion

être lavé de

15. clear (free):

clear day, diary

libre

keep the 24th clear, I'm having a party

ne prévois rien d'autre le 24, je fais une fête

16. clear (whole):

clear week, day

entier/-ière

you must allow three clear days

il faut compter trois jours entiers

17. clear (net):

clear gain, profit

net

18. clear LING:

clear

clair

III.clear [Brit klɪə, Am ˈklɪr] ADV (away from)

to jump clear

sauter sur le côté

to jump clear of (jump out of) vehicle

sauter hors de

(avoid) he leapt clear of the car/rock

il a évité la voiture/pierre en sautant sur le côté

to pull sb clear of wreckage

extraire qn de

to stay or steer clear of town centre, rocks

éviter

to stay or steer clear of alcohol, trouble, troublemakers

éviter

he kept the boat clear of the rocks

il a gardé le bateau au large des rochers

stand clear of the gates!

éloignez-vous des portes!

to get clear of traffic, town

sortir de

IV.clear [Brit klɪə, Am ˈklɪr] VERB trans

1. clear (remove):

clear trees

abattre

clear weeds

arracher

clear debris, papers, mines

enlever

clear snow

dégager (from, off de)

to clear demonstrators from the streets, to clear the streets of demonstrators

débarrasser les rues des manifestants

2. clear (free from obstruction):

clear drains

déboucher

clear road

dégager

clear table, surface

débarrasser

clear site

déblayer

clear land

défricher

to clear the road of snow/obstacles

dégager la neige/les obstacles de la route

to clear sth out of the way (from table, seat)

enlever qc

to clear sth out of the way (from floor)

enlever qc du passsage

to clear the way for sth/sb wörtl

libérer le passage pour qc/qn

to clear the way for sth/sb übtr developments

ouvrir la voie pour

to clear the way for sth/sb übtr person

laisser la place à

3. clear (freshen):

to clear the air wörtl

aérer

to clear the air übtr

apaiser les tensions

4. clear (empty):

clear desk, drawer

vider (of de)

clear room, surface

débarrasser (of de)

clear post box

lever

clear area, building

évacuer

the judge cleared the court

le juge a fait évacuer la salle

to clear the office of furniture

débarrasser le bureau de tous ses meubles

you're fired, clear your desk

vous êtes renvoyé, débarrassez votre bureau

his singing cleared the room

la pièce se vida au son de sa voix

5. clear (create):

clear space

faire

to clear a path through sth

se frayer un chemin à travers qc

6. clear (disperse):

clear fog, smoke

dissiper

clear crowd

disperser

7. clear (unblock):

clear nose

dégager

to clear one's throat

se racler la gorge

the fresh air will clear your head

un peu d'air frais t'éclaircira les idées

8. clear (rid skin of):

clear dandruff, spots

faire disparaître

9. clear (remove impurities):

clear wine

clarifier

10. clear (destroy):

clear building

détruire

11. clear COMPUT:

clear screen, data

effacer

12. clear (dispose of):

clear stock

liquider

to clear the backlog

rattraper le retard sur le travail

‘reduced to clear’

‘solde’

13. clear (pay off):

clear debt

s'acquitter de

clear loan

rembourser

clear mortgage

purger

14. clear FIN bank:

clear cheque

compenser

15. clear (make):

clear profit

se faire

16. clear (free from blame) jury:

clear accused

innocenter (of de)

to be cleared of suspicion

être lavé de tout soupçon

to clear one's name/reputation

blanchir son nom/sa réputation

17. clear (vet):

clear ADMIN, MILIT employee

mener une enquête administrative sur

I've been cleared

j'ai fait l'objet d'une enquête administrative

she's been cleared to see the documents

elle a été déclarée apte à consulter les documents

18. clear (officially approve):

clear proposal, request

approuver

clear goods

dédouaner

to clear sth with sb

obtenir l'accord de qn pour qc

to be cleared for take-off/landing

recevoir l'autorisation de décoller/atterrir

19. clear (jump over):

clear fence, hurdle, wall

franchir

she cleared 2 m at the high jump

elle a réussi 2 m au saut en hauteur

20. clear (pass through):

clear bridge

passer sous

clear gateposts

passer entre

to clear customs

passer à la douane

21. clear SPORT:

clear ball

dégager

V.clear [Brit klɪə, Am ˈklɪr] VERB intr

1. clear (become transparent, unclouded):

clear liquid, sky:

s'éclaircir

2. clear (disappear):

clear smoke, fog, cloud:

se dissiper

3. clear (become pure):

clear air:

se purifier

4. clear (go away):

clear rash, pimples:

disparaître

clear skin:

devenir net/nette

5. clear FIN:

clear cheque:

être compensé

VI.clear [Brit klɪə, Am ˈklɪr]

the coast is clear übtr

le champ est libre

to be in the clear (safe)

être hors de danger

to be in the clear (free from suspicion)

être lavé de tout soupçon

I.keep to VERB [Brit kiːp -, Am kip -] (keep to [sth]) (stick to)

keep to road, path

ne pas s'écarter de, rester sur

keep to timetable, facts, plan

respecter, s'en tenir à

keep to law, rules

respecter

‘keep to the left/right’

‘tenez votre gauche/droite’

to keep to one's bed

garder le lit

to keep to one's home

rester chez soi

II.keep to VERB [Brit kiːp -, Am kip -] (keep sb to [sth]) (cause to remain on)

keep to route

empêcher qn de s'écarter de

keep to promise

forcer qn à tenir

III.keep to VERB [Brit kiːp -, Am kip -] (keep [sth] to) (restrict)

keep to weight, number

limiter [qc] à

to keep sth to oneself secret , information, opinion

garder qc pour soi

he can't keep his hands to himself ugs

il a les mains baladeuses ugs

keep your hands to yourself!

bas les pattes! ugs

I.keep up VERB [Brit kiːp -, Am kip -] (keep up)

1. keep up (progress at same speed) (all contexts):

keep up car, runner, person:

suivre

keep up business rivals, competitors:

rester à la hauteur

2. keep up (continue):

keep up price:

se maintenir

if the rain keeps up I'm not going

s'il continue à pleuvoir je n'y vais pas

II.keep up VERB [Brit kiːp -, Am kip -] (keep [sth] up, keep up [sth])

1. keep up (cause to remain in position):

keep up trousers

tenir

‘keep your hands up!’ (by gunman)

‘gardez les mains en l'air!’

2. keep up (continue):

keep up attack, bombardment, studies

continuer

keep up correspondence, friendship

entretenir

keep up membership, tradition

maintenir

keep up pace

garder

to keep up the pressure

continuer à faire pression (for pour obtenir, on sur)

he kept up his German by going to evening classes

il a entretenu son allemand en suivant des cours du soir

to keep up one's strength/spirits

garder ses forces/le moral

keep it up!, keep up the good work!

continuez comme ça!

III.keep up VERB [Brit kiːp -, Am kip -] (keep [sb] up) (maintain awake)

keep up child, person

faire veiller

keep up noise, illness:

empêcher [qn] de dormir

I hope I'm not keeping you up (politely)

j'espère que je ne vous oblige pas à veiller

I hope I'm not keeping you up (ironically)

j'espère que je ne vous empêche pas de dormir

I.keep-fit [Brit kiːpˈfɪt, Am ˌkipˈfɪt] SUBST

keep-fit

gymnastique f d'entretien

II.keep-fit [Brit kiːpˈfɪt, Am ˌkipˈfɪt] ADJ attr

keep-fit class, teacher, fanatic:

keep-fit

de gymnastique

I.keep under VERB [Brit kiːp -, Am kip -] (keep [sb] under)

1. keep under (dominate):

keep under race, slaves, inhabitants

assujettir, soumettre

2. keep under (cause to remain unconscious):

keep under

maintenir [qn] inconscient

I.keep off VERB [Brit kiːp -, Am kip -] (keep off)

1. keep off (stay at a distance):

keep off!

n'avancez pas!

2. keep off (not start):

I hope the rain/storm keeps off

j'espère qu'il ne pleuvra pas/que l'orage n'éclatera pas

II.keep off VERB [Brit kiːp -, Am kip -] (keep off [sth])

1. keep off (stay away from):

keep off

ne pas marcher sur

‘Please keep off the grass’

‘Défense de marcher sur la pelouse’

2. keep off (refrain from):

keep off fatty food, alcohol

s'abstenir de consommer, éviter

keep off subject

s'abstenir de parler de

to keep off cigarettes

ne pas fumer

III.keep off VERB [Brit kiːp -, Am kip -] (keep [sth] off, keep off [sth])

1. keep off (prevent from touching):

keep off animals, insects

éloigner

this plastic sheet will keep the rain/ dust off

cette housse en plastique protège contre la pluie/la poussière

2. keep off (continue not to wear):

keep off shoes, hat

ne pas remettre

IV.keep off VERB [Brit kiːp -, Am kip -] (keep sb off [sth]) (cause to refrain from)

keep off food, alcohol

éviter de donner [qc] à qn

keep off subject

empêcher qn de parler de

I.keep on VERB [Brit kiːp -, Am kip -] (keep on doing)

keep on (not stop)

continuer à faire

keep on (do repeatedly)

ne pas cesser de faire

to keep on with sth

poursuivre qc

to keep on about sth

ne pas arrêter de parler de qc

to keep on at sb

harceler qn (to do pour qu'il fasse)

to keep on at sb

casser les pieds à qn ugs (to do pour qu'il fasse)

II.keep on VERB [Brit kiːp -, Am kip -] (keep [sb/sth] on)

keep on employee, flat, hat, shoes:

keep on

garder

I.keep out VERB [Brit kiːp -, Am kip -] (keep out of [sth])

1. keep out (not enter):

keep out area, house

ne pas entrer dans

‘keep out!’ (on notice)

‘défense d'entrer’

2. keep out (avoid being exposed to):

keep out sun, rain, danger

rester à l'abri de

3. keep out (avoid getting involved in):

keep out argument

ne pas se mêler de

keep out of this!

ne t'en mêle pas!

to keep out of sb's way, to keep out of the way of sb (not hinder)

ne pas encombrer qn

to keep out of sb's way, to keep out of the way of sb (avoid seeing)

éviter qn

try to keep out of trouble!

essaie de bien te conduire!

II.keep out VERB [Brit kiːp -, Am kip -] (keep [sb/sth] out, keep out [sb/sth]) (not allow to enter)

keep out person, animal

ne pas laisser entrer

to keep the rain out

empêcher la pluie d'entrer

I wore an extra pullover to keep out the cold

j'ai mis un pull-over de plus pour me protéger du froid

to keep sb out of sth (not allow to get involved in)

ne pas vouloir mêler qn à qc

to keep sb out of sth (not allow to enter)

ne pas laisser entrer qn dans qc

to keep sb out of trouble

empêcher qn de faire des bêtises

to keep sb/sth out of sb's way

faire en sorte que qn/qc ne soit pas sur le chemin de qn

I.keep in VERB [Brit kiːp -, Am kip -] (keep in)

keep in

tenir sa gauche

keep in (elsewhere)

tenir sa droite

II.keep in VERB [Brit kiːp -, Am kip -] (keep [sb/sth] in)

1. keep in (cause to remain inside):

keep in person, animal

empêcher [qn/qc] de sortir

keep in dentures, contact lenses

garder

they're keeping her in (in hospital)

ils la gardent

2. keep in (restrain):

keep in stomach, elbows

rentrer

keep in emotions, anger, impatience

réprimer

3. keep in SCHULE (cause to stay at school):

keep in

garder [qn] en retenue, coller ugs

I.keep back VERB [Brit kiːp -, Am kip -] (keep back)

keep back

rester en arrière, ne pas s'approcher

keep back!

ne vous approchez pas!, n'avancez pas!

to keep back from sth

ne pas s'approcher de qc

II.keep back VERB [Brit kiːp -, Am kip -] (keep [sth/sb] back, keep back [sth/sb])

1. keep back (prevent from advancing):

keep back person, crowd

empêcher [qn] de s'approcher (from de)

keep back pupil, student

faire redoubler

keep back barrier, dam: water

retenir

he kept his hair back with an elastic band

il avait les cheveux retenus en arrière par un élastique

2. keep back (retain):

keep back money

garder

keep back food, objects

conserver

3. keep back (conceal):

keep back information, fact, detail

cacher (from à)

4. keep back (prevent from doing):

keep back person

retenir

kamp im PONS Wörterbuch

Übersetzungen für kamp im Englisch»Französisch-Wörterbuch

I.keep [ki:p] SUBST

1. keep no Pl (living costs):

keep

frais mpl de logement

to earn one's keep

gagner sa vie

2. keep (tower):

keep

donjon m

Wendungen:

for keeps

pour de bon

II.keep <kept, kept> [ki:p] VERB trans

1. keep (not let go of):

keep property

garder

keep visitor

retenir

to keep the children (after divorce)

avoir la garde des enfants

to keep information from sb

cacher des informations à qn

keep this to yourself

garde ça pour toi/gardez ça pour vous

2. keep (store):

keep

ranger

keep the plant by a window

placer la plante près d'une fenêtre

I keep a bottle in the fridge

j'ai une bouteille au frigo

3. keep (maintain in a given state):

to keep sb/sth under control

maîtriser qn/qc

to keep sb under observation

garder qn en observation

to keep one's eyes fixed on sb/sth

garder ses yeux fixés sur qn/qc

keep one's head up/down

garder la tête levée/baissée

to keep sb awake/in suspense

empêcher qn de dormir/laisser qn dans l'expectative

to keep food/a child warm

garder un plat/enfant au chaud

keep this room tidy

garder cette pièce en ordre

to keep sb waiting

faire attendre qn

4. keep (look after):

to keep house

tenir la maison

to keep animals

avoir des animaux

to keep a mistress

entretenir une maîtresse

5. keep (respect):

keep rules, conditions

respecter

keep promise

tenir

keep appointment

se rendre à

6. keep (write regularly):

keep record, accounts

tenir

to keep a record of sth

prendre qc en note

7. keep (for security):

to keep watch over sth

surveiller qc

to keep guard

monter la garde

8. keep (prevent):

to keep sb from doing sth

empêcher qn de faire qc

9. keep (help or force to continue):

to keep sb doing sth

obliger qn à continuer à faire qc

to keep sb talking

retenir qn

here's an apple/$50 to keep you going

voilà une pomme pour tenir le coup/50$ pour voir venir

we have enough oil to keep us going for a month

on a assez de fioul pour tenir un mois

Wendungen:

to keep one's balance [or feet]

garder son équilibre

to keep one's hand in

garder la main

to keep oneself to oneself

garder ses distances

to keep a secret

garder un secret

to keep time

rester en mesure

III.keep <kept, kept> [ki:p] VERB intr

1. keep (stay fresh):

keep

se conserver

2. keep (stay):

to keep calm

garder son calme

to keep left

rester sur la gauche

to keep warm

se protéger du froid

to keep inside

rester à l'intérieur

to keep quiet

rester tranquille

keep down!

ne bouge/bougez pas!

3. keep (continue):

to keep doing sth

continuer à faire qc

I keep going somehow

je me maintiens

he keeps pestering me

il n'arrête pas de me harceler

Wendungen:

how are you keeping? Brit

comment allez-vous/vas-tu?

keep off VERB trans

1. keep off (stay off):

keep off

rester à l'écart de

‘keep off the grass’

pelouse interdite

2. keep off Brit übtr:

to keep off a subject

éviter d'aborder un sujet

Wendungen:

to keep sb/sth off sth

tenir qn/qc à l'écart de qc

I.keep out VERB intr

keep out

rester (en) dehors

to keep out of sth

ne pas se mêler de qc

II.keep out VERB trans always trennb

keep out

empêcher d'entrer

keep up VERB trans

to keep up appearances

garder les apparences

I.keep back VERB intr (stay away)

keep back

ne pas s'approcher

to keep back from sb/sth

garder ses distances de qn/qc

II.keep back VERB trans

1. keep back (hold away):

to keep sb/sth back from sb/sth

empêcher qn/qc de s'approcher de qn/qc

2. keep back (retain):

keep back money

retenir

keep back information

cacher

I.keep away VERB intr

to keep away from sb/sth

ne pas s'approcher de qn/qc

II.keep away VERB trans

to keep sb/sth away from sb/sth

tenir qn/qc à l'écart de qn/qc

keep in VERB trans

to keep sb in

retenir qn

to keep sb in pupil

garder en retenue

to keep one's emotions in

retenir ses émotions

I.keep from VERB trans always trennb

1. keep from (prevent):

to keep sb from doing sth

empêcher qn de faire qc

2. keep from (retain information):

to keep sth from sb

cacher qc à qn

II.keep from VERB intr

to keep from doing sth

s'abstenir de faire qc

keep down VERB trans

1. keep down (repress):

keep down costs, speed, level

empêcher d'augmenter

keep down protesters, workers

contrôler

2. keep down (not vomit):

to keep sth down

se retenir de rendre qc

keep to VERB intr

1. keep to (stay):

to keep to one's bed

garder le lit

keep to the path

rester sur le chemin

2. keep to (respect):

to keep to sth

suivre scrupuleusement qc