Oxford Spanish Dictionary
do by VERB (v + adv compl + prep + o)
I. by [Am baɪ, Brit bʌɪ] PRÄP by often appears as the second element of certain verb structures in English (abide by, get by, stand by, etc). For translations, see the relevant verb entry (abide, get, stand, etc).
1.1. by (not later than):
1.2. by (during, at):
2.1. by (at the side of, near to):
2.2. by (to hand) Am:
3.1. by (past):
3.2. by (via, through):
4. by (indicating agent, cause):
5.1. by (indicating means, method):
5.2. by (owing to, from):
6.1. by (according to):
6.2. by in Interj phrases:
7.1. by (indicating rate):
7.2. by (indicating extent of difference):
7.3. by (indicating gradual progression):
8. by MATH:
Wendungen:
II. by [Am baɪ, Brit bʌɪ] ADV
1. by (past):
2. by (aside, in reserve):
bye1 [Am baɪ, Brit bʌɪ] SUBST
I. do1 <3rd pers sing pres does, Part Präs doing, Past did, Past Part done> VERB trans [Am du, Brit duː]
1. do (to perform an action):
2.1. do (to carry out):
2.2. do:
3. do (as one's job, profession, function):
4. do (to achieve, to bring about):
6.1. do (to look after, to arrange, to repair):
6.2. do (to clean):
6.3. do (to prepare, to arrange):
7.2. do drawings/translations/interviews:
8.1. do Brit (to provide):
9. do (to be adequate for, to suit):
10. do (when expressing speeds, distances):
11.1. do (to study):
11.2. do ugs (to visit):
13.1. do ugs (to serve):
13.2. do ugs (to serve) (in a posting):
14.1. do ugs Brit (to catch, to prosecute):
16.1. do ugs (to finish):
II. do1 <3rd pers sing pres does, Part Präs doing, Past did, Past Part done> VERB intr [Am du, Brit duː]
1. do (to act, to behave):
2. do (to be getting along, to manage):
3. do (to go on, to happen) ugs in -ing form:
4.1. do (to be suitable, acceptable):
4.2. do (to serve as):
5. do (to be enough):
III. do1 <3rd pers sing pres does, Part Präs doing, Past did, Past Part done> VERB Aux [Am du, Brit duː] Where do is used as an auxiliary verb, the Spanish verb on its own translates both the auxiliary and the principal verbs: she didn't come no vino; does he know?¿lo sabe?
Note that in spoken Spanish a question is indicated by intonation. El verbo auxiliar do se usa para formar el negativo y el interrogativo, para agregar énfasis, o para sustituir a un verbo usado anteriormente.
1. do (in elliptical use):
2.1. do (used to form the negative):
2.2. do (with inversion after negative adverbs):
3.1. do (used to form the interrogative):
3.2. do (in exclamations):
4.1. do (for emphasis):
4.2. do (when expressing alternatives):
4.3. do (when expressing contradictions):
4.4. do (in oaths, wills, affidavits etc):
IV. do1 <pl dos> SUBST [Am du, Brit duː]
2. do (state of affairs) ugs kein Pl:
do with VERB (v + prep + o)
1. do with (benefit from) with can, could:
2. do with (expressing connection):
im PONS Wörterbuch
I. by [baɪ] PRÄP
1. by (near):
4. by (at the latest time):
5. by (cause):
6. by (through means of):
8. by (under):
11. by (in measurement, arithmetic):
I. do [du:] does, did, done does, did, done does, did, done SUBST
II. do [du:] does, did, done does, did, done does, did, done VERB Aux
3. do (word to form imperatives):
4. do (word used for emphasis):
5. do (replaces a repeated verb):
III. do [du:] does, did, done does, did, done does, did, done VERB trans
1. do (carry out):
6. do (deal with):
11. do:
14. do (go at a speed of):
15. do (be satisfactory):
18. do (cause):
20. do (act):
IV. do [du:] does, did, done does, did, done does, did, done VERB intr
5. do (manage):
I. by [baɪ] PRÄP
1. by (near):
4. by (at the latest time):
5. by (cause):
6. by (through means of):
8. by (under):
11. by (in measurement, arithmetic):
I. do [du] SUBST
II. do <does, did, done> [du] VERB Aux
3. do (in imperatives):
4. do (for emphasis):
5. do (replacing a repeated verb):
III. do <does, did, done> [du] VERB trans
1. do (carry out):
5. do (deal with):
9. do:
12. do (go at a speed of):
14. do (sell):
16. do (cause):
IV. do <does, did, done> [du] VERB intr
2. do (manage):
| I | do by |
|---|---|
| you | do by |
| he/she/it | does by |
| we | do by |
| you | do by |
| they | do by |
| I | did by |
|---|---|
| you | did by |
| he/she/it | did by |
| we | did by |
| you | did by |
| they | did by |
| I | have | done by |
|---|---|---|
| you | have | done by |
| he/she/it | has | done by |
| we | have | done by |
| you | have | done by |
| they | have | done by |
| I | had | done by |
|---|---|---|
| you | had | done by |
| he/she/it | had | done by |
| we | had | done by |
| you | had | done by |
| they | had | done by |
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